Kia Sportage: Description and Operation, Schematic Diagrams

Description and Operation

 Description

The Evaporative Emission Control System prevents fuel vapor stored in fuel tank from vaporizing into the atmosphere. When the fuel evaporates in the fuel tank, the vapor passes through vent hoses or tubes to a canister filled with charcoal.

The canister temporarily holds the vapor in the charcoal. The ECM will control the system in order to draw the gathered vapor into the combustion chambers during certain operating conditions. Engine manifold vacuum is used to draw the vapor into intake manifold.

Schematic Diagrams

 Schematic Diagram

Canister

The Canister is filled with charcoal and absorbs evaporated fuel vapor from the fuel tank. The gathered fuel vapor in canister is drawn into the intake manifold by the ECM/PCM when appropriate conditions are set.

Purge Control Solenoid Valve (PCSV)

The Purge Control Solenoid Valve (PCSV) is installed in the passage connecting the canister to the intake manifold.

It is a duty type solenoid valve and is operated by ECM/PCM signal.

To draw the absorbed vapor into the intake manifold, the ECM/PCM will open the PCSV, otherwise the passage remains closed.

Fuel Filler Cap

A ratchet tightening device in the threaded fuel filler cap reduces the chances of incorrect installation, when sealing the fuel filler. After the gasket on the fuel filler cap and the fill neck flange make contact, the ratchet produces a loud clicking noise indicating the seal has been set.

Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor (FTPS)

The Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor (FTPS) is an integral part of the monitoring system. The FTPS checks Purge Control Solenoid Valve (PCSV) operation and leaks in the Evaporative Emission Control System by monitoring pressure and vacuum level in the fuel tank dining PCSV operating cycles.

Canister Close Valve (CCV)

The Canister Close Valve (CCV) is located between the canister and the fuel tank air filter. It closes off the air inlet to the canister for the Evaporative Emissions System and also prevents fuel vapors from escaping from the Canister when the vehicle is not operating.

Evaporative System Monitoring

The Evaporative Emission Control Monitoring System monitors fuel vapor generation, evacuation, and a leakage check step. At first, the OBD-II system checks if vapor generation due to fuel temperature is small enough to start monitoring. Then it evacuates the evaporative system by means of PCSV with ramp in order to maintain a certain vacuum level. The final step is to check if there is vacuum loss by any leakage of the system.

Vapor Generation Checking

During the stabilization period, the PCSV and the CCV are closed. The system pressure is measured as starting pressure (DP_A). After a certain defined period (T1), the system pressure (DP_B) is measured again and the difference from the stalling pressure is calculated. If this difference (DP_B - DP_A) is bigger than the threshold, there should be excessive vapor pressure and the monitor is aborted for next check. On the contrary, if the difference is lower than the negative threshold, the PCSV is regarded as having a malfunction such as clogged at open position.

Evacuation

The PCSV is opened with a certain ramp for the pressure to reach down to a certain level. If the pressure can't be lowered below a threshold, the system is regarded as having a fuel cap-open or having a large leak.

Leaking Checking

The PCSV is closed and the system waits for a period to get stabilized pressure. During checking period (T2), the system measures the beginning and the end of the system pressure (DP_C, DP_D). The diagnosis value is the pressure difference collected by the natural vapor generation (DP_B - DP_A) rate from the vapor generation check step.

Evaporative System Monitoring

Evaporative And ORVR Emission Control System

This system consists of a fill vent valve, fuel shut-off valve, fuel cut valve (for roll over), two way valve (pressure/vacuum relief), fuel liquid/vapor separator winch is installed beside the filler pipe, charcoal canister which is mounted under the rear floor LH side member and protector, tubes and miscellaneous connections.

While refueling, ambient air is drawn into the filler pipe so as not to emit fuel vapors in the air. The fuel vapor in the tank is then forced to flow into the canister via the fill vent valve. The fuel liquid/vapor separator isolates liquid fuel and passes the pure vapor to the charcoal canister.

While the engine is operating, the trapped vapor in the canister is drawn into the intake manifold and then into the engine combustion chamber. Using this purge process, the charcoal canister is purged and recovers its absorbing capability.

1. Fuel Filler Cap
2. Fuel Filler Pipe
3. Fuel Shut-OFF Valve
4. Fuel Tank
5. ORVR Valve
6. 2-Way & Cut Valve
7. Evaporative Hose
8. Evaporative Hose
9. Canister
10. Canister Close Valve (CCV)
11. Fuel Feed Line
12. Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor (FTPS)
13. Purge Control Solenoid Valve (PCSV)

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